Industry Knowledge ----What are the precision cutting technologies?

Precision cutting technology is a process for achieving high-precision and high surface quality metal machining, with machining accuracy typically ranging from 10 to 0.1 micrometers (μ m) and surface roughness Ra below 0.1 μ m. This technology relies on high-precision machine tools, finely ground cutting tools, and extremely small cutting depths and feed rates, and is widely used in high-end manufacturing fields such as aerospace, automotive, molds, medical devices, and consumer electronics. ‌

According to current technological developments, precision cutting technology mainly includes the following core methods:

Precision turning: using high rigidity CNC lathes and single crystal diamond cutting tools to perform micro cutting on rotating parts, suitable for high-precision surface machining of soft metals such as copper and aluminum. ‌

Precision milling: By using high-precision milling machines and superhard coated cutting tools (such as low-pressure CVD coated milling cutters), high-precision machining of complex surfaces and three-dimensional structures can be achieved.

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Precision boring: used for high-precision inner hole machining, commonly used in the manufacturing of key components such as engine cylinder blocks and hydraulic cylinders. ‌

Ultra precision single point diamond cutting: using natural or artificial single crystal diamond cutting tools to achieve nanometer level machining accuracy (better than 0.1 μ m), 

it is the core technology for manufacturing precision components such as optical mirrors and non spherical lenses, and was first applied to laser fusion mirror processing. ‌

Composite energy field assisted precision cutting: Combining external energy fields such as laser heating and elliptical vibration, softening the workpiece material or improving 

cutting conditions, enhancing processing efficiency and surface quality. For example, a surface roughness of 2.74nm has been achieved in the processing of single crystal 

silicon infrared lenses. ‌

In addition, modern precision cutting technology is also integrated into systems such as machine measurement, intelligent compensation, and constant temperature environment 

control to cope with thermal deformation and vibration interference, and is developing towards AI adaptive machining in the future